$4\mathrm{.}0$ Routing and switching protocols

In our network, we are using Routing Information Protocol$($RIP$)$ as our routing protocol.It is the most common interior gateway protocol. It uses hop count as its routing metric,a value that a routing protocol uses to figure out the best routes from various different routes. RIP is used in both Local Area Networks $($LANs$)$ and Wide Area Networks $($WANs$),$ and also runs on the Application layer of the OSI Model. There are multiple versions of RIP including RIPv$1$ and RIPv$2.$

Basically what RIP does is it selects the path that has the least hop count. However the path with least hop count doesn$$t necessarily mean that it$$s the fastest path. RIP prevents routing from continuing forever as there$$s a limit on the number of hops allowed on a path. That limit is $15$ hops. If the path from source to destination is more than $15$ hops, RIP considers it infinity and the destination is considered unreachable$($Cisco Systems, Inc, $2003).$

NEED TO WRITE ABOUT SWITCHING PROTOCOL

WHY WE NEED IT write the switching protocols for me