4. Rating scale appraisal problems in performance management include unclear standards, halo effect, central tendency, strictness/leniency, appraisal bias, recent effect, or similar- to-me bias. Michael and Nadine are both managed by the same person. Michael consistently produces average-quality work. While it's not bad, he rarely goes above and beyond what's asked of him. Nadine, on the other hand, is consistently one of the top-performing employees. She goes the extra mile on her projects, always raises her hand to take on more responsibilities, and delivers outstanding outcomes. Despite these differences, their manager gives them the same rating of above average on their performance review to avoid hurting anyone's feelings. As a result, Michael and Nadine stay on similar career trajectories leaving Nadine to wonder if anyone notices her hard work. From the scenario provided, answer the following: a. Which appraisal problem is being described? b. Based on what you have learned in this course, describe how you would avoid this appraisal problem from occurring