4. The EOQ model is designed to emphasize the trade-off between which of the following factors?

a) purchasing costs and ordering costs

b) purchasing costs and carrying costs

c) stock-out costs and ordering costs

d) stock-out costs and carrying costs

e) carrying costs and ordering costs

3. A just-in-time manufacturing system:

1. Is a demand-pull system
2. Is a process in which it is difficult to maintain product quality
3. Is a process that requires a lot of storage area for inventories
4. Uses an assembly line for manufacturing