4.4 flipped notes. In the fruit fly example, two different studies were done. One found significant results while the other did not. Why could this be the case? This discrepancy could be due to several reasons, such as differences in sample sizes, variations in experimental conditions, researcher bias, or differences in measurement precision. It's also possible that one study had a Type I or Type II error, or there was publication or reporting bias. State definitions for the following. Type I error: A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true but is incorrectly rejected. It is often called a "false positive." Type II error: A Type II error occurs when the null hypothesis is false but is incorrectly accepted. It is often called a "false negative." In the court of law example, state the null and alternative hypothesis. Null Hypothesis (H): The defendant is not guilty. Alternative Hypothesis (H): The defendant is guilty. Explain the two types of error in the context of a court of law. Type I Error: Convicting a defendant who is actually innocent. Type II Error: Acquitting a defendant who is actually guilty. In terms of error, when are the three options for the discrepancy in the two studies in the fruit fly example. One study made a Type I error. One study made a Type II error. Differences due to sample size, methodology, or random variation. In what way is the significance level connected to the probability of making a type I ero