5 marks 5 marks 2. a) What are the similarities and differences between the "Generate" phase (from the Generate and Test approach used in traditional search-based AI), when compared to the process of Generating the initial population as used in Evolutionary Algorithms (EA)? b) What are the main differences between hard constraints and soft constraints? Briefly compare and contrast two general approaches to the handling constraints used by Evolutionary Algorithms. c) Describe how you would adapt an evolutionary algorithm to find good solutions to a problem such as the Travelling Salesman's Problem (TSP). How would you ensure the resulting solutions are valid? d) What is Multi-Objective optimisation? Describe the different objective functions that might be used by an EA to find the best route for travelling between two points on a map. Describe some of the different Pareto-Optimal solutions that might be identified by such an EA. Use a diagram to illustrate your answer. 10 marks 5 marks