$5.$ The Classical, Behavioral, and Quantitative Perspectives onManagement

Use your knowledge of management theory to complete the sentence.

A field within the quantitative management perspective, organizational behaviorism uses mathematical models to represent systems, processes, and relationships.

Indicate the order in which Frederick Taylor$$s four basic steps of scientific management should be performed in order to optimize employee productivity.

Action

Step $1$

Step $2$

Step $3$

Step $4$

Develop a science for each element of the job to replace old rule$-$of$-$thumb methods.

Supervise employees to make sure they follow the prescribed methods for performing their jobs.

Continue to plan the work, but use workers to get the work done.

Scientifically select employees, and then train them to do the job as described.

Classical management remains relevant to contemporary managers. In which of the following current situations is the relevance of classical management apparent?

Amazon.com$$s business model emphasizes efficiency.

Consulting companies, like IDEO, solve custom problems by providing unique solutions for every client.

Some companies cross$-$train employees to ensure that every employee can fulfill every job.

Organizations like Apple, which promote innovation and out$-$of$-$the$-$box thinking, hire employees for their can$-$do attitude rather than aptitude for specific tasks.

Choose the best answer for the question posed.

According to the principles of scientific management, what result would be expected from the Hawthorne Studies?

Scientific management would have predicted that employees seek to be happy at work.

Scientific management would have predicted that employees would succumb to normative pressures and adjust their productivity accordingly.

Scientific management would have predicted that employees would strive to maximize time off.

Scientific management would have predicted that employees would seek to maximize their wages.

Douglas McGregor$$s Theory X and Theory Y model represents the human relations approach to management. For each characteristic, select whether it is consistent with a Theory X or Theory Y approach.

Assumption

Theory X

Theory Y

People are often underutilized at work.

People are naturally lazy.

People seek responsibility when conditions are favorable.

Please choose the answer that best completes the statement.

As an operations manager, you might use quantitative management techniques to