$5)$ We can almost sum up pathogenicity by saying there are really no "bad" bacteria, just "bad" genes. a$)$ What does this mean? b$)$ Of the virulence mechanisms discussed in class, discuss three types of genes $($or example structures$)$ which would be "bad" for us by increasing bacterial virulence. Note: these three genes should represent different types of virulence factors. c$)$ By what mechanism do these structures$/$genes increase pathogenicity? d$)$ How do we counteract these factors $($either through physiology$/$immunity$,$ or via pharmacological therapy$)?$