$63$ : $82$ : $46$ : $92$ : $27$ In civil engineering, theoretical foundations underpin every aspect of design, construction, and maintenance. Theoretical frameworks encompass structural analysis, fluid mechanics, geotechnical engineering, and more. They guide engineers in understanding the behavior of materials, structures, and environmental forces. Theories such as elasticity, plasticity, and fluid dynamics provide crucial insights into structural stability, load distribution, and fluid flow. Moreover, theoretical models aid in predicting and mitigating risks, optimizing designs, and ensuring infrastructure resilience. How do these theoretical bases influence decision$-$making processes, innovation, and sustainable development in civil engineering projects worldwide?