$64)$ The role of $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ requires a roughly equal mix of technical, interpersonal, and conceptual skills.

A$)$ low$-$level managers

B$)$ middle$-$level managers

C$)$ higher$-$level managers

D$)$ top executives

$65)$ Which condition is MOST likely to encourage ethical behavior in organizations?

A$)$ strong emphasis on individual productivity

B$)$ cultural values for obedience to authority

C$)$ intense competition for valued rewards

D$)$ cultural values for individual responsibility

$66)$ What is the MOST important indicator of personal integrity in the theories of ethical leadership?

A$)$ Leader values are consistent with follower values.

B$)$ Leader behavior is consistent with follower values.

C$)$ Leader behavior is consistent with the leader's espoused values.

D$)$ The leader's espoused values are consistent with cultural norms.

$67)$ Ethical behavior is more likely to occur when the dominant concern for the leader is $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

A$)$ complying with the organization's formal rules and policies

B$)$ avoiding negative consequences for the person's career

C$)$ acting consistent with internal values and ethical beliefs

D$)$ carrying out role expectations for the leadership position

$68)$ Judgments about ethical leadership $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ across cultures.

A$)$ vary somewhat

B$)$ are identical

C$)$ share no commonality

D$)$ cannot be compared

$69)$ The ethical $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ describes the shared perceptions of members regarding the organization's ethical practices and procedures.

A$)$ culture

B$)$ climate

C$)$ conation

D$)$ cognition

$70)$ Unethical behavior is LESS likely for a leader with $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

A$)$ a personalized power orientation

B$)$ an internal locus of control orientation

C$)$ low conscientiousness

D$)$ high narcissism

$71)$ Which theory includes the LARGEST number of influence processes and follower characteristics?

A$)$ transforming leadership

B$)$ authentic leadership

C$)$ spiritual leadership

D$)$ servant leadership

$72)$ Which of the following theories has the MOST emphasis on improving subordinate performance?

A$)$ authentic leadership

B$)$ transforming leadership

C$)$ transformational leadership

D$)$ servant leadership

$73)$ It is more difficult to evaluate ethical leadership when $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

A$)$ the actions that serve the interests of some followers also serve the interests of other followers

B$)$ various stakeholder values and interests are in synch

C$)$ stakeholders have incompatible preferences

D$)$ the same action that benefits followers now also benefits followers later

$74)$ In which form of leadership do leaders seek to raise the consciousness of followers by appealing to ideals and moral values such as liberty, justice, equality, peace, and humanitarianism, not to baser emotions such as fear, greed, jealousy, or hatred?

A$)$ transforming

B$)$ servant

C$)$ spiritual

D$)$ authentic

$75)$ When is a leader MOST likely to be viewed as highly effective?

A$)$ The leader makes major changes in strategy and performance slowly improves.

B$)$ The leader makes major changes in strategy and performance rapidly improves.

C$)$ The leader makes small changes in strategy and performance slowly improves.

D$)$ The leader makes no changes in strategy and performance remains high.

$76)$ What is the basis for establishing a high$-$quality exchange relationship?

A$)$ the subordinate's control over outcomes that are undesirable to peers

B$)$ the leader's control over outcomes that are desirable to the subordinate

C$)$ the subordinate's desire to eventually ascend to the leader's role

D$)$ the leader's experience as a subordinate in a similar role

$77)$ Which is an example of the benefits a subordinate can provide to a leader in a high$-$quality exchange relationship?

A$)$ assigning interesting tasks

B$)$ delegating greater responsibility

C$)$ increasing pay

D$)$ helping with administrative duties

$78)$ A manager who blows up$,$ yells at the person, and makes insulting remarks $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

A$)$ is likely to motivate the person to improve his or her performance

B$)$ will facilitate problem solving

C$)$ undermines the relationship between manager and subordinate

D$)$ is criticizing the behavior, not the person

$79)$ Which of the following actions by the CEO is NOT likely to improve the effectiveness of an executive team?

A$)$ Clearly define objectives consistent with shared values of team members.

B$)$ Eliminate most meetings and use email to communicate separately with individuals.

C$)$ Give the team considerable discretion but specify limits of team authority.

D$)$ Rely more on advice from members with the most expertise.

$80)$ Much of the early leadership literature was concerned with $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ in organizations, but in more recent years there has been increased interest in "strategic leadership" by $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

A$)$ supervisors; top executives

B$)$ middle managers; supervisors

C$)$ top executives; supervisors

D$)$ top executives; middle managers

$81)$ A major change in strategy is more likely to be accepted when $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$

A$)$ employees are left to determine how it will benefit the organizatio