6. Consider the state |Y) = (1/2)|0) + (eid /2)|1). To estimate the phase $, we...

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6. Consider the state |Y) = (1/2)|0) + (eid /2)|1). To estimate the phase $, we measure 4) in the sign basis, {|+), |-)}. The sign basis vectors are: |+) = 10)+11) 2 |-)= 10)-1) a) (5 points) Show the calculations to express the probability that the outcome of the measurement is |+). That is, derive an expression for Prob[|Y) |+)]. For full credit, simplify your final expression as much as possible. - 6. Consider the state |Y) = (1/2)|0) + (eid /2)|1). To estimate the phase $, we measure 4) in the sign basis, {|+), |-)}. The sign basis vectors are: |+) = 10)+11) 2 |-)= 10)-1) a) (5 points) Show the calculations to express the probability that the outcome of the measurement is |+). That is, derive an expression for Prob[|Y) |+)]. For full credit, simplify your final expression as much as possible. -