6. _______ involves signaling certain emotions in consumers' minds based on attributes, benefits, or values. a. branding b. marketing c. brand naming d. brand positioning

7. Baby clothing designer Peabody launches a new line of newborn clothing that is less expensive than what it currently offers. It retails in big-box retailers instead of the company's stores. Which strategy entails introducing a product line that is less expensive than a company's original offering? a. stretching downward b. product line expansion c. stretching upward d. product mix expansion

8. Candymaker Quittles used social media to poll people on which new flavor of candy it should introduce next. The poll resulted in 13,000 responses. The practice of getting input from a large group of consumers is known as _______. a. commercialization b. crowdsourcing c. test-marketing d. product development

9. When musical artist Beyonc exits the stage at Madison Square Garden in New York City after her show ends, the service she provides has been delivered. A fan would need to purchase an additional ticket to a different show to see her perform again. What characteristic of service does this example represent? a. service intangibility b. service perishability c. service variability d. service inseparability

10. Which of the following consumer product categories requires exclusive distribution, where only one or a few retail outlets carry the product? a. specialty b. convenience c. unsought d. shopping