$7\mathrm{.}5-$ A $198$ hp $($power$-$shift$)$ dozer is used in a pushing operation. The dozer is equipped with a straight blade. The material $($dry and

noncohesive$)$ weighs $97$ pcf in the bank state. It is estimated the material will swell $6\%,$ from bank to loose state. The center of mass$-$to$-$center of$-$mass pushing distance is $180$ ft $.$ Job efficiency can be assumed to be equivalent to a $50-$min hour. Calculate the production in bcy per hour and the direct cost of the proposed earthmoving operation in dollars per bcy$.$ The company's normal O&O cost for these machines is $$135$ per hour and the operator's wage is $$45\mathrm{.}00$ per hour plus $36\%$ for fringes, insurance, and worker's compensation $(223$ bcy$/$hr$,$ $$0\mathrm{.}878/$bcy$).$

$7\mathrm{.}10-$ A grader will be used to maintain $5$ miles of haul road. It is estimated the work will require removing ruts with three passes in

first gear, leveling the road with two passes in second gear, and final shaping of the road with three passes in fourth gear. Use an

efficiency factor of $80\%.$ Grader speeds are provided in the following chart. Estimate the time requirement for this task.