$782$:How does the integration of theoretical foundations impact the practice of civil engineering across various subjects, such as structural engineering, transportation engineering, geotechnical engineering, and environmental engineering? Discuss the role of theoretical frameworks in enhancing the understanding of fundamental principles, optimizing design processes, ensuring structural integrity, promoting sustainability, and addressing societal needs. Explore specific examples where theoretical knowledge has influenced innovative solutions and advancements in each subject area, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and continuous learning in shaping the future of civil engineering practice.