8. Management by exception (MBE) involves: a little interaction between leaders and followers, except when things go wrong b. the leader leaving followers alone and empowering employees to make decisions. c. providing direction only in challenging situations rather than or a routine basis. d managing exceptional followers only 9. Research examining gender and transformational leadership found women to demonstrate different tendencies than men. Which was not one of these tendencies? a cooperation b. assertiveness c. expressiveness d concern for others 10. Sir Richard Branson, founder of the Virgin Group believes that is at the heart of good leadership a controlling operations b. establishing a clear vision and communicating well cencouraging people and hearing their input d. assuring succession for his company 11. focuses on how leaders and followers tap into their basic values to transform organizations by creating a vision based on deeply held values related to making a difference, a Charismatic leadership b. Spirituality e Authentic leadership d Transformational leadership 12. George (2003) developed a framework of authentic leadership. Which is not a characteristic of this model? a understanding their own purpose b. display narcissistic tendencies c practice solid values d. demonstrate self-discipline 13. Howard Schullz, cofounder and CEO of Starbucks, created an organization based on what matters most to him. As a child his family struggled without health benefits after his father lost his job. Howard created a culture that takes care of their employees with one of the most comprehensive health care benefits plan of any corporation. This example best represents which leadership approach? a path goal leadership b. authentic leadership c charismatic leadership d transactional leadership