$8$th $---$ Whether you are managing your own finances or determining your investing strategy, Time Value of Money $($TVM$)$ is an important concept to comprehend. One critical factor is inflation the effect that causes everything to rise in price over time. Gold per gram was $?133$ back in $1980.$ Fast$-$forward $40$ years, it costs $?4633.$ Your $?133$ was worth much more $40$ years ago than it's worth today. But what can counteract the negative impacts of inflation? Yes, you are right...It is Investing. TVM could help your money keep up with $--$ even exceed $--$ the rate of inflation, since interest and investment returns compound in value over time. As my financial adviser advise me on the following. I have received four offers with payments structured in wildly different ways, including single payments, growing annuities, and delayed annuities. Use your knowledge of TVM to determine which contract will provide me with the largest contact in terms of PV$.$ The contracts with the largest nominal values are not necessarily worth the most in terms of PV$.$ Detail the impact that different discount rates can have in making my decisions.Cross Road India Ltd wants to pay off its Plant & Machinery loan in three annual instalments: $?\mathrm{.}20,00,000,?40,00,000$ and $?60,00,000,$ respectively, in the next three years. How much should Cross Road India Ltd deposit into its bank account today if it wants to use this account balance to pay off the loan? Assume that the bank pays $8\%$ interest, compounded annually. You have just won a $?1$ lac in Poker Games. This new Poker Games, however, will pay out the award $5$ years from today. What is the present value of your award based on a $16\%$ p$.$a$.$ interest rate? Perpetuity makes payments of Rs$.500$ every year, with the first payment coming one year from today. If the discount rate is $5\%,$ what is the present value of the perpetuity? The management of Bharat Ltd$,$ an engineering company has decided to double its manufacturing capacity. You are to suggest, some of the long$-$term sources of finance the company can go for.