81) Rivalry in an industry is high when the ________.

81) ______ A) industry is characterized by differentiation B) companies mainly compete on price C) purchasing power of buyers is low D) market is in the development stage

82) Which of the following is a shortcoming of the extended value chain?

82) ______ A) It reduces the strategic advantages offered by a shorter chain. B) It cannot be expanded beyond the support activities of a company. C) It alienates customers by not taking their opinions into account. D) It is difficult to allocate responsibility in the event of a mishap.

83) Which of the following factors opened the path for development of the client-server architecture?

83) ______ A) use of mainframes as the basis of ICT architecture B) evolution of virtualization software C) introduction of cloud computing D) development of PC operating systems

84) Roland Inc. is a fashion apparels retailer in the United States. It wants to measure how its investment is helping create value in comparison with its competitors. Which of the following metrics used by Roland can be classified as a benchmark in this scenario?

84) ______ A) the number of customers on a sales promotion list B) the average number of sales made per day C) the number of leaves taken by employees D) the total number of brand outlets

85) Unknown hackers hack into the network security of a bank and steal the personal identification information of approximately 200,000 clients. Which of the following persons will be responsible for handling this situation?

85) ______ A) the Chief Information Security Officer B) the Chief Technology Officer C) the Chief Knowledge Officer D) the Chief Procurement Officer

86) Which of the following is a feature of nonprofit organizations that differentiates them from for-profit organizations?

86) ______ A) lack of shareholders B) lack of target customers C) lack of stakeholders D) lack of products or services

87) Which of the following statements is true of the value chain?

87) ______ A) As the extended value chain lengthens, responsibility for harmful consequences becomes more diffuse. B) The value chain ends at product delivery and any extension to it has no bearing on strategic advantages. C) Understanding a customer's own value chain does not offer strategic advantages to a company. D) A company's value chain is limited to the internal activities of the company and does not depend on external factors.

88) Which of the following statements is true about user-generated content?

88) ______ A) It makes up most of the information in systems such as eBay, Craigslist, and Wikipedia. B) It is often produced by professionals with the expectation of profit or remuneration. C) It is driven by people and technology and does not require processes and data. D) It powers the generation of content in what has come to be known as Web 1.0.

89) Marsha, a sales executive, faces issues while copying data from one spreadsheet to another. The formatting of the copied data is not the same as that of the data that is pasted. She started facing this problem only after her older spreadsheet application was upgraded to a newer version. She raises a ticket stating "Request older system. New system not working as desired." The IT technician misconstrues this as a request to replace the computer with an older version. When Marsha returns the next morning, she finds that her computer has been replaced with an older version. Which of the following is the reason why her request had been misunderstood?

89) ______ A) different levels of communication skills B) absence of a proper IT-support structure C) the lack of a dedicated help desk D) the jargon barrier

90) Which of the following is a function of operations management?

90) ______ A) improvement of systems and processes which the organization uses to deliver its goods and services B) building and maintaining customer relationships and supporting the processes that underlie them C) introducing a new product D) formulating a strategy for business diversification