9. IPO Costs. When Microsoft went public, the company sold 2 million new shares (the primary issue). In addition, existing shareholders sold .8 million shares (the secondary issue) and kept 21.1 million shares. The new shares were offered to the public at $21, and the underwriters received a spread of $1.31 a share. At the end of the first day's trading, the market price was $35 a share. (LO15-2)

a. How much money did the company receive before paying its portion of the direct costs?

b. How much did the existing shareholders receive from the sale of their shares before paying their portion of the direct costs?

c. If the issue had been sold to the underwriters for $30 a share, how many shares would the company have needed to sell to raise the same amount of cash?

d. How much better off would the existing shareholders have been?