9. Variable X is correlated with Variable Y. Which of the following could explain this correlation? A. X causes Y B. Y causes X C. A third variable causes or influences both X and Y D. All of the above 10. The correlation coefficient: A. presents the strength of the relationship. B. presents the direction of the relationship. C. varies from - 1.0 to +1.0. D. all of the above. and of the linear relationship between two variables. 11. The correlation coefficient is used to measure the A. date, time B. mean, variance C. significance, effect size D. strength, direction 12. A researcher measures the following correlation between cost of produce and number of units sold. Which description best explains the relationship between these two variables? Cost of Produce in dollars per unit) Number of Units Sold (in thousands of units sold) A. As the cost of produce increases, so does the number of units sold. B. Less expensive produce is associated with an increased number of units sold. C. Less expensive produce is associated with a decreased number of units sold. D. No linear pattern is evident. nited States) Focus