a) A juice processing operation uses steam to heat the fruit juice up to a temperature of 96C prior to aseptically packaging it in drink boxes. They need to heat 1,550 kg of grape juice (13.5% solids, which you can consider as being sugars). It will be heated from an initial storage temperature of 38F to its heat treatment temperature. How much saturated steam at 316.3 kPa would be needed for this task? In this case, the condensate is to be discharged from the process without any further cooling to recover any of its heat and is returned to the steam plant where it is reheated and turned back into steam.

b) How much-saturated steam is required per batch of the product (see description in Part a) if the condensate is discharged from the process after being cooled to 80C to use some of its heat in the process?

c) How much steam is saved by recovering some of the heat in the condensate (i.e., the difference between the process as outlined in part a as compared to the process in part b). Express your answers in terms of kg of steam.

d) How much 85% quality steam 475.8 kPa would be required for the process if the condensate was discharged from the process after cooling it to 80C to recover some of its heat. The cooled condensate is then returned to the steam plant where it is reheated and turned back into steam. Express your answer in terms of kg of steam.