a) A multiprocessor with 16 processors has 30 attached tape drives. There are a large number of jobs submitted to the system that each require a maximum of five tape drivers to complete execution. Assume that each job starts running with only four tape drives for a long period before requiring the fifth tape drive for a short period toward the end of its operation. Also assume an endless supply of such jobs.

i) Assume the scheduler in the OS will not start a job unless there are five tape drives available. When a job is started, five drives are assigned immediately and are not released until the job finishes. What is the maximum number of jobs that can be in progress at once? What are the maximum and minimum number of tape drives that may be left idle as a result of this policy?

ii) Suggest an alternative policy to improve tape drive utilization and at the same time avoid system deadlock. What is the maximum number of jobs that can be in progress at once? What are the bounds on the umber of idling tape drives?