a brief explanation of two of the four heuristics (representativeness, availability, false consensus effect, and anchoring heuristic).

Fiske and Taylor (1984) referred to individuals as “cognitive misers” because of the mental short-cuts taken in an effort to understand people, their behavior, and social situations. These mental short-cuts or heuristics simplify understanding and save time and mental energy when making decisions. Although use of these heuristics may in fact save mental energy and help a person make a quick decision, they are not always helpful and can sometimes be inaccurate. For example, making educated guesses, using common sense, and using intuitive judgment are examples of heuristics. There are many types of heuristics, such as the representativeness heuristic, the availability heuristic, the false consensus effect, and the anchoring heuristic.

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The represent at iveness he uristic is a mental shortcut that people use to judge the likelihood of something based on how similar it is to something else In other words people use the represent at iv... View the full answer