a$.$ Calculate the operating cash flow.

b$.$ Calculate the change in net working capital.

c$.$ Calculate the net capital spending.

d$.$ Calculate the cash flow from assets. $($A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign.$)$

e$.$ Calculate the cash flow to creditors.

f$.$ Calculate the cash flow to stockholders. $($A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign$)$ Graffiti Advertising, Incorporated, reported the following financial statements for the last two years.

$2021$ Income Statement

Sales $$565,700$

Costs of goods sold $274,020$

Selling & administrative $124,732$

Depreciation $54,575$

EBIT $$112,373$

Interest $19,318$

EBT $$93,055$

Taxes $37,222$

Net income $55,833$

Dividends $$9,700$

Addition to retained earnings $$46,133$