Question: A case-control study was conducted to quantify the association between oral infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) and head and neck cancer, with 350 cases recruited

A case-control study was conducted to quantify the association between oral infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) and head and neck cancer, with 350 cases recruited from four hospitals in the United States and 350 population-based controls recruited through random digit dialing. HPV infection was determined by tonsil biopsy at the time of recruitment. Controls were individually matched to cases on age, study site, and smoking status. The study investigators found that there were 144 pairs in which the case and the control were both infected with HPV, 91 pairs in which neither the case nor the control was infected with HPV, and 22 pairs in which the control was infected with HPV but the case was not.

What is the matched-pairs odds ratio for oral HPV infection and head and neck cancer?

Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answer to 2 decimal points.

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