A criminal directs an e$-$mail to a potential victim. The e$-$mail has a bank logo and tells the potential victim that they need to verify their account numbers due to a prior data breach and tells the victim to fill out a form requesting their account number and personal identification number, or their account will be closed. This is an example of

Skimming

Phishing

Spam attack

A denial$-$of$-$service attack