a$)$ Define computer graphics $($CG$)(03$ marks$)$

b$)$ Explain the Significance of CG in computer science. $(03$ marks$)$

c$)$ Discuss two major applications of computer graphics. $(04$ marks$)$

d$)$ Explain the role of computer graphics in virtual reality. $(07$ marks$)$

e$)$ Define transformations in computer graphics $(03$ marks$)$

f$)$ Explain the importance of transformations in computer graphics. $(05$ marks$)$

g$)$ Discuss three types of transformations commonly used in computer graphics. $(08$ marks$)$

h$)$ Provide examples of real$-$world applications that require transformations. $(07$ marks$)$

a$).$Define refraction in the context of computer graphics $(3$ marks$)$

a$)$ Discuss two applications of refractions in rendering transparent materials. $(4$ marks$)$

b$)$ Discuss four techniques and algorithms used for surface modelling in computer graphics.

$(8$ marks$)$

c$)$ Explain the concept of surface scattering $($BSDFs$)$ and its significance in achieving ealistic

material appearance. $(5$ marks$)$

Page $12$

Question $3$:

a$)$ Describe the process of ray casting in computer graphics and its role in generating realistic images. $(8$ marks$)$

b$)$ Explain the principles and algorithms involved in photon mapping for global illumination simulation.

$(9$ marks$)$

c$)$ Discuss the concept of texture mapping and its applications in enhancing the visual quality of rendered objects. $(8$ marks$)$

a$)$ Define transformations in computer graphics. $(4$ marks

b$)$ Explain the role of transformations in manipulating objects in $2$D and $3$D space. $(4$ mark

c$)$

d$)$ Discuss the differences between translation, rotation, and scaling transformatio including their mathematical representations. $(9$ mar

e$)$ Provide examples of real$-$world applications where transformations are used to manipulate graphical objects. $(8$ marks

Question $5$:

a$)$ Discuss the concept of texture transformations and their use in mapping textures onto $3$D c $(8$marks

b$)$ Explain the different types of texture transformations, such as translation, rotation, and and how they affect the texture mapping process. $(9$marks

c$)$ Discuss the challenges and considerations involved in aligning textures properly on com surfaces. $(8$marks

Question $6$:

a$)$ Define homogeneous coordinates and explain their significance in transformations.

b$)$ How are they used in computer graphics? $(9$ marks$)$

c$)$ Discuss the concept of affine transformations and their properties. Provide examples of affine transformations used in computer graphics $(8$ marks$)$

affine transformations used in computer graphics. $(8$ marks$)$

d$)$ Explain the concept of composite transformations

e$)$ How multiple transformations can be concatenated to achieve complex effects? $(8$marks$)$