a$)$ Define operator precedence and operator associativity. What are the

advantages of referential transparency?

b$)$ Explain how C#$\text{'}$s switch statement is safer than that of C$.$

c$)$ Consider the following program written in $C$ syntax:

For each of the following parameter$-$passing methods, what are all of

the values of the variables value and list after each of the three calls to

swap?

a$.$ Passed by value

b$.$ Passed by reference

c$.$ Passed by value$-$result

a$)$ What are the differences between a function and a procedure?

b$)$ What are the differences between a $C++$ abstract class and a Java $3$

interface?

c$)$ Make a comparison of the exception$-$handling capabilities of $C++$ and $4$

those of Java.

a$)$ What do you understand with 'Naming Encapsulation'? Which $3$

languages support it$?$

b$)$ Why should you consider support concurrency features when you $3$

design a programming language?

c$)$ Write a Scheme function that returns the reverse of its simple list $4$

parameter.