a$)$ Define Universal Time. What is the Universal Time right now, when you are answering this, to the nearest minute, at your current Eastern Time? Give the UT in $24-$hour format $($hh:mm$),$ NOT $"$pm$"$ or $"$am$."$

UT $=$ It your current Eastern time of: $$

b$)$ Define Julian Date $($JD$)$

c$)$ Heliocentric JD $($HJD$)$ is the time of observation if we were at the Sun. We use that to remove the effect of varying distance between us and the target. Show on the sketch the difference in light travel distance that gives the difference between JD as observed at the blue Earth position, and HJD at the yellow Sun..

d$)$ Given the $AU=1\mathrm{.}50{10}^{8}km$ and the speed of light is $3\mathrm{.}00{10}^{5}k\frac{m}{s},$ calculate the maximum difference between JD and HJD

Light from target

e$)$ Define Prime Meridian

f$)$ What are time zones, when and why were they created, and what is their width in longitude degrees?