a$)$ Explain the difference XIC and XIO, by making use of sketches and explaining how the output will be affected, if each of these are connected to a single output and nothing else is in the line of code.

List the logic gate functionality that would most closely resemble the action of the XIO $($i$.$e$.$ AND, OR$,$ NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR, etc$).$