a$.$ Explain the following Attacks that can occur in an organization

i$.$ Hoaxes

ii$.$ Mail Bombing

iii. Social Engineering

iv$.$ Pharming

v$.$ Distributed Denial of Service

Using the concept of Cipher Block Chaining Mode, perform a Simplified DES encryption of a plaintext $P=1011111110101011$ given $K=1111101101$ and an Initialization vector $10010011$

Explain any $5$ categories of threats that can compromise the security of an organization