a$)$ Explain, using appropriate diagrams, why many structures are designed to yield during large earthquakes.

$[4]$

b$)$ List three common structural features of buildings in Ireland $($or other non$-$seismic zones$)$ that are suboptimal in regions prone to earthquakes. For each feature listed, briefly explain why this is the case.

$[6]$

c$)$ Figure Q$3$ shows the plan and elevation of a four storey building to be constructed in a seismic zone with a design ground acceleration of $0\mathrm{.}3$ g $.$ Propose a structural scheme $($i$.$e$.$ a layout of structural members$)$ for the building.

$[6]$

Figure Q$3$