$($a$)$ Explain why soil is a key component in land rehabilitation.

$(5$ marks$)$

$($b$)$ Explain why topsoil is the most essential factor in successful rehabilitation programme during the period of initial plant growth.

$(3$ marks$)$

$($c$)$ As an Environmental Manager at Akonta mining company, you recommended that a direct replacement of recovered topsoil from newly developing pit should be used on an area waiting rehabilitation. What are the benefits of this process?

$(2$ marks$)$

$($d$)$ Explain the concept of revegetation and state the steps for successful revegetation.