A filter has been designed to have a run length of $72$ h while operating at $14\mathrm{.}4$ m$/$h filtration rate. The

design BW rate is $45$ m$/$h$.$ backwash duration is $15$ min, and filter$-$to$-$waste duration is $20$ min. The

operator decides the filters need to be clean more thoroughly and starts to backwash at $55$ m$/$h for $30$

min. As a result, filter ripening takes longer and the filter$-$to$-$waste duration expands to $45$ min.

Calculate the UFRV, UBWV, UFWV, and $\%$ recovery $($a$)$ as designed and $($b$)$ as operated. $($c$)$ What is

the $\%$ increase in volume of treated water lost from the operator$$s enhanced filter cleaning operation?