A first$-$year university cyber security student was completing coursework within a cyber security lab at their university. Using specialised software, the student decided to test their coursework activity against the university network. The student was able to run a port scan for an unlimited number of times against the university default gateway$/$router over a short time period. This resulted in the university gateway crashing, causing loss of access to external networks and the Internet for the whole university.

The university was able to trace the scan to the student$$s account and they were subsequently removed from their course. The university deemed the act to be malicious and charges under the Computer Misuse Act $($CMA$)$ were brought against the student.

i$.$Consider all three sections of the CMA. What section or sections of the CMA do you think the student was charged with? Make sure to explain your answer, justifying your choice for each section of the Act.