A free pre-K program was introduced in a city and had the goal of helping children from different economic backgrounds get ready for grammar school. A developmental psychologist tracked children who participated in the program through their middle school years. She saw that the children had gained strong math and literacy skills while in the preschool program. At the end of the eighth grade, the researcher measured the students' classroom behaviors. She then recruited seventh- and eighth-graders who were in the same city but did not attend preschool, and she measured their behaviors. Compared to this latter group of students, the former preschoolers were more engaged, were less timid in the classroom, and had less absenteeism. Question 4 (6 points) 1. What type of design is this study? Be as specific as possible. 2. Does this study have a posttest only, pretest/posttest, or repeated measures design? 3. List the independent variable in this study. 4. Was the independent variable measured or manipulated? If manipulated, was it manipulated between- or within-subjects? 5. What is the dependent variable in this study? 6. Relay the name of at least one confounding variable in this study. You MUST use terms from the required readings (such as demand characteristics). How could that confounding variable appear in this study?