(a) Inoculum preparation involves obtaining the desired organisms in an optimal state for bioprocess production. Differentiate between master strains and working strains of preserved microbial culture. (4 Marks) (b) Discuss the objective of a site survey before an economical waste-treatment program can be planned and list out the comprehensive treatment program for effluent treatment. (7 Marks) (c) The generation of foam during the course of a bioprocess remains a major technological challenge to be resolved and needs further investigation. Describe the major problems caused by foaming formation in bioreactor and state the suitable approaches to encounter this problem. (9 Marks) The extraction and purification of fermentation products may be difficult and costly. The chosen process of the extraction and purification and its relative cost will depend on the desired product. (a) If your desired fermentation product is contained inside the Escherichia coli, discuss the suitable methods to extract the intracellular component of the bacteria with low energy and pressure requirements. Describe the general limitations of the selected methods. (15 Marks) (b) Describe how drying affects heat-sensitive materials such as drugs and enzymes in the last stage of a manufacturing process in the food and fermentation industries