A manager expends extra effort because she has been told that she will get a $$50,000$ bonus if her team meets its quota. She also feels stress because she has been informed that she will be put on probation if she does not get her team to perform above last year's total. Which of the following does this scenario illustrate?

Question $10$ options:

Equity theory

Maslow's esteem needs

Two$-$factor theory

Performance$-$to$-$outcome expectancy

The Porter$-$Lawler extension