a$.$ Preferred provider organizations $($PPOs$)$

multiple choice $1$

deliver medical services through exclusive agreements regarding pricing.

contract with firms to provide health care services.

are owned by hospital holding companies.

deliver medical services through collective agreements regarding pricing.

b$.$ Health maintenance organizations $($HMOs$)$

multiple choice $2$

contract with firms to provide health care services.

deliver medical services through collective agreements regarding pricing.

are owned by hospital holding companies.

deliver medical services through exclusive agreements regarding pricing.

c$.$ PPOs and HMOs are designed to alleviate the overconsumption of health care by

multiple choice $3$

reducing administrative costs and providing preventive care.

denying expensive services and providing preventive care.

charging on a fee$-$for$-$service basis and reducing administrative costs.

reducing administrative costs and denying expensive services.