A proposed multi$-$functional building project site is located near Ras$-$Al Khaimah, UAE. The building site is

approximately $2,500$m$^(2)$ floor area and comprises a ground floor and three additional floors. The column arrangement

is irregular and spans multiple grid patterns. The column loads vary between $350$ kN and $1,200$kN based on their

location and usage within the structure. Five boreholes were drilled at strategic locations across the site, and the logs

provide detailed soil profile information, which you are required to incorporate into your designs. The project requires

careful consideration of geotechnical factors.

Fige to medium brown silty sand$-$some small to medium gravel

Tronsoil Fine brown siltv sand$-$small to medium eravel

Figures to the right of each boring log indicate the number of blows required

to drive the split spoon $300$ mm using a $63\mathrm{.}5$ kg mass falling $760$ mm $.$

Seasonal fluctuations affect the groundwater table, which lies between $1\mathrm{.}5$ m and $2\mathrm{.}5$ m below the surface as shown

in each borehole.

Task $1$ Analyse the borehole data and column load information to determine and recommend suitable foundation systems for the site. Your recommendations should consider: $$ The suitability of isolated footings, combined footings, and mat foundations for different column loads and spacing. $$ Specific foundation recommendations for heavy$-$loaded and lightly$-$loaded sections of the structure. $$ Highlight key factors influencing your recommendations, such as $,$ soil properties, soil strength and depth of strata. Task $2$ For a column load of $950$ kN located near Borehole $2,$ design an isolated footing at a depth of $1\mathrm{.}75$ m below ground level. The column is subjected to a uniaxial eccentricity of $250$ mm$.$ Use the general bearing capacity equation and apply corrections for shape, depth, load eccentricity and factoring in the effects of the fluctuating water table. Propose dimensions of the footing. Is there an impact of the loose topsoil on stability? Refer: As per Dubai Municipality $($DM$)$ Standards, for shallow foundations, the safe bearing capacity is often conservatively set between $75150$ kN$/$m$2$ Task $3-$ Two columns with loads of $850$ kN and $500$ kN are located near Borehole $4,$ spaced $5\mathrm{.}5$ m apart. Design a combined footing that accommodates the irregular column arrangement. While designing the footing, consider that there is a underground tank positioned very near to the $850$ mm column. Propose footing dimensions and depth. Considering the resultant column loads, determine whether the design satisfies bearing capacity criterion. Also, verify the soil pressures. Task $4-$ In a heavily loaded section of the structure near to Bore log $5,$ a mat foundation is required to support a cluster of columns with a cumulative load of $10,050$ kN$.$ Analyze the mat foundation using conventional design method for maximum bending moments and shear forces. Task $5-$ For the column with the heaviest load $(1,200$ kN$)$ near to Borelog $1,$ design a group pile foundation. Assume $500$ mm diameter piles with a length of $12$ m$,$ spaced at three times the pile diameter. Calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile group, settlement under load, and account for negative skin friction due to the sandy clay layer. Propose a pile cap design and ensure adequate load transfer. Note: Submit the report detailing the calculations, assumptions, and design decisions for each task. Include drawings. Highlight any innovative solutions or challenges encountered during the project. Assume any missing data with justifications. Task $1-$ Analyse the borehole data and column load information to determine and recommend suitable foundation systems for the site. Your recommendations should consider:

$-$ The suitability of isolated footings, combined footings, and mat foundations for different column loads and spacing.

$-$ Specific foundation recommendations for heavy$-$loaded and lightly$-$loaded sections of the structure.

$-$ Highlight key factors influencing your recommendations, such as$,$ soil properties, soil strength and depth of strata.

Task $2-$ For a column load of $950$ kN located near Borehole $2,$ design an isolated footing at a depth of $1\mathrm{.}75$ m below ground level. The column is subjected to a uniaxial eccentricity of $250$ mm $.$ Use the general bearing capacity equation and apply corrections for shape, depth, load eccentricity and factoring in the effects of the fluctuating water table. Propose dimensions of the footing. Is there an impact of the loose topsoil on stability?

Refer: As per Dubai Municipality $($DM$)$ Standards, for shallow foundations, the safe bearing capacity is often conservatively set between $\backslash (75-150\backslash$mathrm$\{$kN$\}/\backslash$mathrm$\{$m$\}^\{2\}\backslash )$

Task $3-$ Two columns with loads of $850$ kN and $500$ kN are located near Borehole $4,$ spaced $5\mathrm{.}5$ m apart. Design a combined footing that accommodates the irregular column arrangement. While designing the footing, consider that there is a underground tank positioned very near to the $850$ mm column. Propose footing dimensions and