A pyramidal ownership structure is one in which Multiple Choice a shareholder controls a holding company that owns a controlling block of another company, which in turn owns controlling interests in yet another company, and so on. equity cross-holdings among a group of companies, such as keiretsu and chaebols, can be used to concentrate and leverage voting rights to acquire control. a combination of these schemes may also be used to leverage control in a pyramidal ownership structure. none of the options