A $q,$ organization is often a separate entity formed by a joint venture or other long$-$term contract between a client and other partners, which acts as an interface between the client and multiple logistic service providers and, ideally, all aspects of the client supply chain are managed by that organization.

contract carrier

$3$PL $($third$-$party logistics provider$)$

common carrier

$4$PL $($fourth$-$party logistics provider$)$