A retaining wall $9m$ high supports soil for which the

water table is at the surface. What is the characteristic

force acting on the wall, Hw$,$ due to the water pressure,

per metre length of wall? The weight density of water is

$9\mathrm{.}81k\frac{N}{m^3}.$

Variable favourable acion: $,$ posts $=0\mathrm{.}0$

Partial factors for Soil Parameters:

Effective angle of shearing resistance: ${}_{p^{\text{'}}}=1\mathrm{.}25$

Effective cohesion: $,{}_{0^{\text{'}}}=1\mathrm{.}25$

Undrained shear strength: $,{}_{cu}=1\mathrm{.}4$

Weight density: $,{}_1=1\mathrm{.}0$

Partial factors on actions $($EQU Limit State $-$ EC$7$: Tables A$1$ & A$2)$:

Permanent unfavourable action:

Permanent favourable action:

Variable unfavourable action:

Variable favourable action:

Partial factors for Soil Parameters:

Effective angle of shearing resistance:

Effective cohesion:

Undrained shear strength:

Weight density:

${}_{Gdst}=1\mathrm{.}1$

${}_{Gstb}=0\mathrm{.}9$

${}_{\text{a}\text{d}\text{s}\text{t}}=1\mathrm{.}5$

${}_{\text{a}\text{s}\text{t}\text{b}}=0\mathrm{.}0$

${}_{{}^{\text{'}}}=1\mathrm{.}25$

${}_{c^{\text{'}}}=1\mathrm{.}25$

${}_{cu}=1\mathrm{.}4$

${}_V=1\mathrm{.}0$