A sample of 80 trees from a forest was collected to document types of tree, and...

  

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A sample of 80 trees from a forest was collected to document types of tree, and the presence of woodpecker marks on the trunks of the different types of tree. The following summarizes the data found during the survey for tree type and woodpecker marks overall Tree type 44% Birch 26% Ash 30% Oak Woodpecker marks 11% Yes 89% No The researchers decide that the probability that a tree had woodpecker marks was not independent of tree type, stating that 38% of Ash trees had woodpecker marks in their justification. Describe how they came to this conclusion of non-independence, making reference to specific numeric values in your answer (3 pts) A sample of 80 trees from a forest was collected to document types of tree, and the presence of woodpecker marks on the trunks of the different types of tree. The following summarizes the data found during the survey for tree type and woodpecker marks overall Tree type 44% Birch 26% Ash 30% Oak Woodpecker marks 11% Yes 89% No The researchers decide that the probability that a tree had woodpecker marks was not independent of tree type, stating that 38% of Ash trees had woodpecker marks in their justification. Describe how they came to this conclusion of non-independence, making reference to specific numeric values in your answer (3 pts)