A second$-$grade class has been learning about various ethnic and cultural celebrations. They read a short story about each celebration and complete a related craft. Before learning about each new celebration, the class works together to fill in the "know" and "want to know" column on a KWL chart. After each story, the class works together to fill out the "learned" column. After learning about several different cultural celebrations, the students choose two celebrations and write a paragraph comparing them to each other, incorporating information from the KWL charts.

What type of assessment is the paragraph that the student's write independently?

Select all answers that apply.

an informal assessment

a formal assessment

a formative assessment

a summative assessment