a) Specific ion channels and pumps regulate the resting membrane potential and action potential of aneuron. You treat a neuron in vitro (in a plate) with a reversible ATP synthase inhibitor. Would thisinhibitor inhibit a pump or channel? Explain.
b) Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks and destroysthe myelin sheath of a neuron. What happens to the speed of propagation of action potentials in aneuron when the myelin sheath is destroyed: slows down/ speeds up/ shows no change? Explainwhy you selected this answer.
c) GABA is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). It acts by binding to GABA-A receptors that are ligand gated chloride channels (Cl- ) and GABA-B receptors that activate potassium channels (K+ ) via G proteins. In what direction would Clions flow when the GABA-A receptor is activated: into OR out of the target neuron on which this neurotransmitter acts? How does this flow affect the likelihood of an action potential in the post-synaptic neuron? Explain.
d) You culture a GABA producing neuron in the presence of the following neurotoxins in two separate cell culture plates (Plate A & Plate B). You then apply excitatory stimuli to neurons in the plates.
Plate A: Neuron is treated withtetraethylammonium (TEA), whichinhibits voltage gated K+
channels.
Plate B: Neuron is treated withtetradotoxin (TTX), which inhibitsvoltage gated Na+ channels.
Sketch the alteration in the actionpotential following the treatmentof the GABA producing neuronwith each neurotoxin. Note: Ifthere is no action potential,please write that on the graph. The resting and threshold membrane potentials are -70mV and -55 mV  respectively.