A standardized distribution, known as a z-distribution or standard normal distribution, is created by adjusting a population distribution to have a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1, allowing for easy comparison across different data sets. The sign of a z-score (+/-) indicates the position of a value relative to the mean, with positive values signifying a position above the mean and negative values indicating a position below it. The numerical value of the z-score conveys the exact distance in standard deviations from the mean, enabling an understanding of how unusual or typical the value is within the context of the distribution. This transformation is especially useful for identifying outliers, comparing scores from different distributions, and performing further statistical analysis