A study looking at the correlation between cholesterol level and distance between home and work found a correlation coefficient of -0.13. How much of the variance in cholesterol level is explained by distance between home and work (ie, what is the coefficient of determination)?

a.1.7%

b.13%

c.0.17%

A study was conducted looking at the association between number of polyps in the colon and mean grams of fiber consumed per day based on a standard food frequency questionnaire. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.9 with a p-value of 0.003 and the Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.28 with a p-value of 0.049. Which form of correlation would be more appropriate to report and why?

a. The Spearman correlation results should be reported because at least one of the variables does not meet the distribution assumption required to use Pearson correlation.

b. The Pearson correlation results should be reported because the two variables are normally distributed.

c.The Spearman correlation results should be reported because the p-value is closer to 0.05.

How would you interpret a correlation coefficient of -1?

a. Strong positive correlationas one variable increases, so does the other

b. No correlation at all

c. Perfect negative correlationas one variable increases, the other variable decreases

A study was conducted among 50 employees of a grocery store looking at the probability of bladder cancer among those who consume artificial sweeteners compared to those who do not. The study found that the odds ratio was 5.9, and the p-value for the chi-square test was 0.98. What would you conclude?

a.Those who drink artificial sweeteners have significantly lower odds of getting bladder cancer compared to those who do not.

b.Those who drink artificial sweeteners have lower odds of getting bladder cancer compared to those who do not, but the difference is not statistically significant.

c.Those who drink artificial sweeteners have higher odds of getting bladder cancer compared to those who do not, but the difference is not statistically significant.