a$.$ The $1995-2010$ increase in the trend rate of productivity growth has been

positively influenced by information technology because it connects information in all parts of the world with information seekers.

negatively influenced by information technology because it has required security to protect information systems.

positively influenced by information technology because it has enabled us to install cameras everywhere.

negatively influenced by information technology because it has increased the costs for firms needing technology.

b$.$ The $1995-2010$ increase in the trend rate of productivity growth has been

positively influenced by information economies of scale because expanding production has a very low marginal cost. negatively influenced by information economies of scale because it has increased the costs for firms needing technology. positively influenced by information economies of scale because it has enabled us to encourage mergers. negatively influenced by information economies of scale because it has required security to protect information systems.

c$.$ The $1995-2010$ increase in the trend rate of productivity growth has been

positively influenced by network effects, which is a type of scale economy.

negatively influenced by network effects, which is a type of scale economy.

negatively influenced by network effects, which is a type of scale diseconomy.

positively influenced by network effects, which is a type of scale diseconomy.

d$.$ The $1995-2010$ increase in the trend rate of productivity growth has been

negatively influenced by global competition, which has expanded market possibilities for both consumers and producers. negatively influenced by global competition, which has limited market possibilities for both consumers and producers. positively influenced by global competition, which has limited market possibilities for both consumers and producers. positively influenced by global competition, which has expanded market possibilities for both consumers and producers.