Question: ( a ) The ciphertext string RFCTEKTWEXFREQTQ was produced using a shift cipher over the 2 7 - letter alphabet A = 0 , B

(a) The ciphertext string
RFCTEKTWEXFREQTQ
was produced using a shift cipher over the 27-letter alphabet
A=0,B=1,dots,Z=25,lrcorner=26,
where the final character indicates a space.
By conducting a frequency analysis of a larger sample of ciphertexts, it has
been found that the plaintext symbol corresponds to the ciphertext sym-
bol E. Determine the first word of the plaintext string corresponding to the
ciphertext string given above.
[5 marks]
( a ) The ciphertext string RFCTEKTWEXFREQTQ was

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