A Toeplitz matrix has constant values along the diagonals. The function scipy.linalg.toeplitz creates a Toeplitz matrix from a given vector. For example:

$[24]$:

M $=$ la$.$toeplitz$([-2,1,0,0,0,0,0])$

print$($M$)$

$[[-2100000][1-210000][01-21000][001-2100][0001-210][00001-21][000001-2]]$

Use the function numpy.linalg.matrix$\_$rank to compute the rank of a matrix

The nullspace of M is denoted N$($M$)$

The range of M is denoted