(a) What is a mutual fund or unit trust? Explain and discuss the business model of mutual funds. What role do they play in the economy, and in the financial sector in particular? (5 marks) (b) A mutual fund has assets of K5 092.2 million and K4.6 million in liabilities with outstanding shares of 150.6 million. Calculate the net asset value (NAV) of the portfolio. (5 marks) (c) Another mutual fund manages a portfolio of securities of K120 million. The fund owes K4 million to advisers and a further K1 million for running expenses and has 5 million shares outstanding. Calculate the net asset value. (5 marks) (d) A mutual fund with K100 million in assets at the start of the year and with 10 million shares outstanding invests in a portfolio of stocks that provides no income but increases in value by 10 %. Required: (i) What is the rate of return in the fund? (3 marks) (ii) If a fund has an initial NAV of K20 at the start of the month makes income distributions K0.15 and capital gain distributions of K0. 05 and ends the month with NAV of K20.10. Calculate the monthly rate of return. (3 marks) (iii) An equity fund has a front end load of 4 % and special fees of 0.5% annually as well as back-end fees that start at 5 % and fall by 1 % for each full year the investor holds the portfolio until the fifth year. Assuming the rate of return on the fund net of operating expenses is 10 % annually, what will be the value of a K10 000 investment in the equity fund shares if the shares are sold after 1 year, 4 years and 10 years?